INTRODUCTION FOR BASIC VACUUM TECHNOLOGY
Vacuum is space that is devoid of matter. An approximation to such vacuum is a region with a gaseous pressure much less than atmospheric pressure. Engineers often discuss ideal test results that would occur in a perfect vacuum, which they sometimes call “vacuum” or free space, and use the term partial vacuum to refer to an actual imperfect vacuum as one might have in a laboratory or in space. In engineering vacuum refers to any space in which the pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure.
The quality of a partial vacuum refers to how closely it approaches a perfect vacuum. Other things equal, lower gas pressure means higher-quality vacuum. For example, a typical vacuum cleaner produces enough suction to reduce air pressure by around 20%. Much higher-quality vacuums are possible. Ultra-high vacuum chambers, common in chemistry, physics, and engineering, operate below one trillionth (10−12) of atmospheric pressure (100 nPa), and can reach around 100 particles/cm3. Outer space is an even higher-quality vacuum, with the equivalent of just a few hydrogen atoms per cubic meter on average.
COURSE OVERVIEW
This course is industry designed, to provide a broad understanding of the improvement methodology, concepts, and process. The methodology is presented with case studies and examples drawn from service, business process and industrial applications. With a heavy practice orientation, as much as a third of your time will be spent working through interactive practical exercises and assessments.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
This training program is designed to provide an understanding of engineering related problems related to industry globally and a clear sense of what is required to effectively structure, establish measurements and solve problems. Participants will learn the goals and deliverables behind the solutions. Methodology as well as the most commonly used tools within each phase will be discussed. Participants will also learn how to support a problem solving initiative within their organization.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
On successful completion of this course, the participant should be able to:-
- Understand the benefits and implications of vacuum technology.
- Apply the concepts of vacuum technology.
- Recognize the engineering problem solving model used to improve processes.
- Integrate vacuum technology with other process initiatives.
TRAINING METHODOLOGY
- a) The latest educational methods and strategies will be utilized.
- b) The course is designed to maximize delegate participation.
- c) Questions and answers are encouraged throughout and at the daily wrap-up sessions. This gives participants the opportunity to discuss with others and the presenter their specific problems and appropriate solutions.
- d) The course shall be conducted through lectures, case studies, group discussions and exercises to reinforce participant’s learning.
TARGET AUDIENCE
Process, executives, managers, maintenance personnel, operational managers etc.
COURSE FORMAT
The course consists of formal content presentation interspersed with content quiz sessions. The presenter’s style involves intensive participant participation.
COURSE CONTENT
Day1
Basics of Vacuum Technology
- Three states of residual gas
- Vacuum regions
- Vacuum forces
- Vacuum criteria
Vacuum Fundamentals
- What is a Vacuum?
- Why We Need Vacuum?
- Common Uses of Vacuum
- The Basics of Vacuum and Pressure
- Typical Vacuum Levels Required for Processing
Vacuum Technology
- Qualitative Vacuum Ranges
- Ion Pumps
- Vacuum pumps
- Ion pump performance
- Vacuum Hygiene
- Contamination and Cleaning samples
Vacuum Pumps
- Types of vacuum pumps
- Pumping Ranges
- Rotary Pump
- Turbo-molecular pumps
- Titanium Sublimation Pumps
- Cyro-pumping
Vacuum systems
- High vacuum valve
- Gun valve
- Air inlet valves
- Sample exchange airlock
- Column lenses
- Sample chamber
Day2
Vacuum System Design Considerations
- Leaks
- Ultimate vacuum/limiting pressure
- Vacuum System Bake-out
- Materials for vacuum systems
- Vacuum Valves
- Vacuum Valves: Glass Stopcock
- Vacuum Valves: “Ace Thread”
- Vacuum Valves: Diaphragm valve
- Vacuum Valves: Bellows Valve
- Joinery: copper conflats
Vacuum Generation and Measurement
- Positive displacement
- Momentum transfer
- Entrapment
- Bourdon gauge
- McLeod gauge
- thermocouple gauge
- ion gauge
Safe Use and Operation of Vacuum Lines
- Starting Up
- Shutting Down
- Cleaning Manifold
- Changing Pump Oil
- Dealing with Liquid O2
Vacuum Forming
- Process
- Materials
- Moulding Process
- Completed Mould
- Commercial examples of Vacuum Forming
- Steps in the Development of the Pattern
Case Study:- Vacuum Cleaner
- Sucking airflow
- Brush
- Turbo-brush
- Dust collector
Question &Answer Session
End of Workshop
